Direct Organogenesis and Regeneration of Arabica Coffee Cultivars
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Abstract
Arabica coffee is a very important crop in the Cordillera region and one of the promising industrial crops in the highlands. To develop a tissue culture protocol for ‘Typica’, ‘Mundo Novo’ and ‘Red Bourbon’ cultivars, different growth hormone combinations of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), Kinetin, (Kin), Indole Acetic Acid, (IAA), and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) with different concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 ppm/L and light conditions were tested on the somatic embryo as an explant grown in MS medium. Result showed that using somatic embryo of ‘Mundo Novo’ inoculated in 2ppm BAP and 2ppm Kinetin at 16 hours light, shoot emerged after 18.2 days and shoot proliferated with an average of 4 shoots at 91.75 days after inoculated in 2ppm BAP+ 2ppm Kin + 1ppm IAA at 24 hours light. However, 'Typica’ inoculated in 2ppm BAP, 2ppm Kin and 2ppm IAA at 24 hours light induced shoot emergence after 19 days and proliferated through direct organogenesis with an average of 5.43 shoots in 2ppm BAP +2ppm Kin + 2ppm IAA at 87.4 days after inoculation at 16 hours light condition. Subsequently, 'Red Bourbon' initiated shoot emergence after 35 days inoculated in 1ppm GA + 8ppm BA + 0.5ppm IAA in dark condition. Moreover, the regeneration of plantlets transferred to MS containing 2 ppm IBA, 2 ppm NAA and 2 ppm IAA were elongated and rooted 2-3 months after transplanting. Highest percentage of survival was recorded on 1 part of vermicompost: 1 part sand: 1 part of burnt rice hull on cultivar 'Red Bourbon' and 'Mundo Novo'. In addition, soil media with 1 part of BSU compost: 1 part sand: 1 part of burnt rice hull has a 100% survival rate on 'Typica' and 'Mundo Novo'.
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References
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